塘虱
塘虱魚科
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| 塘虱魚 | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
| 綱： | 條鰭魚綱 Actinopteri |
| 目： | 鯰形目 Siluriformes |
| 科： | 塘虱魚科 Clariidae Bonaparte, 1846 |
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見內文 | |
塘虱魚科（學名：Clariidae）是條鰭魚綱鯰形目的其中一科淡水魚，統稱塘虱。塘虱主要在夜間出沒，以進食小魚、蝦及昆蟲、水生植物等維生，食性相當廣。
分類[編輯]
塘虱魚科下分15個屬，如下：[1]
深水鬍鯰屬(Bathyclarias)[編輯]
- 圍鰓深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias atribranchus
- 寬齒深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias euryodon
- 蕨鬚深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias filicibarbis
- 馬拉威深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias foveolatus
- 長鬚深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias longibarbis
- 馬拉威湖深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias nyasensis
- 圓深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias rotundifrons
- 沃氏深水鬍鯰 Bathyclarias worthingtoni
鱔鬍鯰屬（Channallabes）[編輯]
- 阿氏鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes alvarezi
- 剛果河鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes apus
- 長尾鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes longicaudatus
- 奧果鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes ogooensis
- 桑加鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes sanghaensis
- 托氏鱔鬍鯰 Channallabes teugelsi
耀鯰屬（Clariallabes）[編輯]
- 阿氏耀鯰 Clariallabes attemsi
- 短鬚耀鯰 Clariallabes brevibarbis
- 剛果耀鯰 Clariallabes centralis
- 異頭耀鯰 Clariallabes heterocephalus
- 側頭耀鯰 Clariallabes laticeps
- 長尾耀鯰 Clariallabes longicauda
- 萬年耀鯰 Clariallabes manyangae
- 黑耀鯰 Clariallabes melas
- 坦干伊喀湖耀鯰 Clariallabes mutsindoziensis
- 岩棲耀鯰 Clariallabes petricola
- 皮氏耀鯰 Clariallabes pietschmanni
- 扁臉耀鯰 Clariallabes platyprosopos
- 西氏耀鯰 Clariallabes simeonsi
- 托氏耀鯰 Clariallabes teugelsi
- 於倫耀鯰 Clariallabes uelensis
- 雜色耀鯰 Clariallabes variabilis
鬍鯰屬（Clarias）[編輯]
- 短鬍鯰 Clarias abbreviatus
- 阿博鬍鯰 Clarias agboyiensis
- 白斑鬍鯰 Clarias albopunctatus
- 奧氏鬍鯰 Clarias alluaudi
- 曲鬍鯰 Clarias anfractus
- 安戈爾鬍鯰 Clarias angolensis
- 鰻鬍鯰 Clarias anguillaris
- 蟾鬍鯰 Clarias batrachus
- 巴塔鬍鯰 Clarias batu
- 短身鬍鯰 Clarias brachysoma
- 比氏鬍鯰 Clarias buettikoferi
- 大鬚鬍鯰 Clarias buthupogon
- 喀麥隆鬍鯰 Clarias camerunensis
- 巨噬鬍鯰 Clarias cataractus
- 穴鬍鯰 Clarias cavernicola
- 戴氏鬍鯰 Clarias dayi
- 德氏鬍鯰 Clarias dhonti
- 達氏鬍鯰 Clarias dumerilii
- 杜氏鬍鯰 Clarias dussumieri
- 伊布里鬍鯰 Clarias ebriensis
- 恩氏鬍鯰 Clarias engelseni
- 鬍子鯰 Clarias fuscus
- 加彭鬍鯰 Clarias gabonensis
- 尖齒鬍鯰 Clarias gariepinus
- 白點鬍鯰 Clarias gracilentus
- 希氏鬍鯰 Clarias hilli
- 異鬍鯰 Clarias insolitus
- 間鬍鯰 Clarias intermedius
- 哈恩鬍鯰 Clarias jaensis
- 西婆羅洲鬍鯰 Clarias kapuasensis
- 光首鬍鯰 Clarias laeviceps
- 拉氏鬍鯰 Clarias lamottei
- 光棘鬍鯰 Clarias leiacanthus
- 裸頭鬍鯰 Clarias liocephalus
- 長鬍鯰 Clarias longior
- 麥氏鬍鯰 Clarias maclareni
- 大頭鬍鯰 Clarias macrocephalus
- 大唇鬍鯰 Clarias macromystax
- 砂棲鬍鯰 Clarias magur
- 黑皮鬍鯰 Clarias meladerma
- 小白點鬍鯰 Clarias microspilus
- 小口鬍鯰 Clarias microstomus
- Clarias monsembulai Bernt & Stiassny, 2022[2]
- 雲紋鬍鯰 Clarias nebulosus
- 鈍齒鬍鯰 Clarias ngamensis
- 尼氏鬍鯰 Clarias nieuhofii
- 暗色鬍鯰 Clarias nigricans
- 黑斑鬍鯰 Clarias nigromarmoratus
- 橢圓鬍鯰 Clarias olivaceus
- 厚絲鬍鯰 Clarias pachynema
- 馬來亞鬍鯰 Clarias planiceps
- 平頭鬍鯰 Clarias platycephalus
- 擬光刺鬍鯰 Clarias pseudoleiacanthus
- 普氏鬍鯰 Clarias pseudonieuhofii
- 薩拉鬍鯰 Clarias salae
- 斑鬍鯰 Clarias stappersii
- 緣鬍鯰 Clarias submarginatus
- 溝鬍鯰 Clarias sulcatus
- 泰氏鬍鯰 Clarias teijsmanni
- 蛇鬍鯰 Clarias theodorae
- 沃氏鬍鯰 Clarias werneri
脂鰭鬍鯰屬（Dinotopterus）[編輯]
- 脂鰭鬍鯰 Dinotopterus cunningtoni
細鬍鯰屬（Dolichallabes）[編輯]
- 小眼細鬍鯰 Dolichallabes microphthalmus
鰻鬍鯰屬（Encheloclarias）[編輯]
- 莖鰻鬍鯰 Encheloclarias baculum
- 短身鰻鬍鯰 Encheloclarias curtisoma
- 長臂鰻鬍鰻 Encheloclarias kelioides
- 婆羅洲鰻鬍鯰 Encheloclarias prolatus
- 細鰭鰻鬍鯰 Encheloclarias tapeinopterus
- 多鬚鰻鬍鯰 Encheloclarias velatus
裸鬍鯰屬（Gymnallabes）[編輯]
異鰓鯰屬（Heterobranchus）[編輯]
- 雙背鰭異鰓鯰 Heterobranchus bidorsalis
- 博氏異鰓鯰 Heterobranchus boulengeri
- 等鰭異鰓鯰 Heterobranchus isopterus
- 長絲異鰓鯰 Heterobranchus longifilis
盲鬍鯰屬（Horaglanis）[編輯]
- 艾杜氏盲鬍鯰 Horaglanis abdulkalami Babu, 2012
- 阿氏盲鬍鯰 Horaglanis alikunhii Babu & Nayar, 2004
- 克氏盲鬍鯰 Horaglanis krishnai Menon, 1950
- Horaglanis populi [3]
扁髯鯰屬（Platyallabes）[編輯]
- 蒂氏扁髯鯰 Platyallabes tihoni (Poll, 1944)
扁鬍鯰屬（Platyclarias）[編輯]
- 麥氏扁鬍鯰 Platyclarias machadoi Platyclarias machadoi Poll, 1977
Pseudotanganikallabes 屬[編輯]
- Pseudotanganikallabes prognatha Wright, 2017[4]
坦噶尼喀鯰屬（Tanganikallabes）[編輯]
無眼胡鯰屬（Uegitglanis）[編輯]
- 無眼胡鯰 Uegitglanis zammaranoi
奇鬍鯰屬（Xenoclarias）[編輯]
- 真鬚奇鬍鯰 Xenoclarias eupogon (Norman, 1928)
參考文獻[編輯]
- ^ Clariidae. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-09）.
- ^ Maxwell J. Bernt and Melanie L.J. Stiassny. 2022. A New Species of Air-Breathing Catfish (Clariidae: Clarias) from Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo. American Museum Novitates, (3990); 1-20. DOI: 10.1206/3990.1
- ^ Rajeev Raghavan, Remya L. Sundar, C.P. Arjun, Ralf Britz and Neelesh Dahanukar. 2023. Evolution in the Dark: Unexpected Genetic Diversity and Morphological Stasis in the Blind, Aquifer-dwelling Catfish Horaglanis. Vertebrate Zoology. 73: 57-74. DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e98367
- ^ J. J. Wright. 2017. A New Diminutive Genus and Species of Catfish from Lake Tanganyika (Siluriformes: Clariidae). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13374
外部參考[編輯]
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